Scale-based normalization of spectral data

Scale-based normalization of spectral data.

Classification of data that arise as signals or images often requires a standardization step so that information extracted from biologically equivalent signals can be quantified for comparison across classes. Differences in global trend, total energy, high-frequency noise and/or local background can arise from variabilities due to instrumentation or conditions during data collection. This artic...

cDNA Microarray Data Normalization

Normalization of Parents’ Response to Children’s Positive Emotions Scale

Abstract This study evaluated the normalization of the Persian version of the Parents’ Response to Children’s Positive Emotions Scale (PRCPS). For evaluating reliability and validity of this scale through random sampling, 400 mothers of 4-7-year-old children completed the PRCPS and Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ). Evaluating internal reliability of PRCPS subscales by Cronba...

Normalization of qPCR array data: a novel method based on procrustes superimposition

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short, endogenous non-coding RNAs that function as guide molecules to regulate transcription of their target messenger RNAs. Several methods including low-density qPCR arrays are being increasingly used to profile the expression of these molecules in a variety of different biological conditions. Reliable analysis of expression profiles demands removal of technical variati...

Vocal tract normalization based on spectral warping

Two techniques for speaker adaptation based on frequency scale modifications are described and evaluated. In one method, minimum mean square error matching is performed between a spectral template for each speaker to a "typical speaker" spectral template. One parameter, a warping factor, is used to control the spectral matching. In the second method, a neural network classifier is used to adjus...